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Բիդժգազ  (     Ժնեթ     ) — Ալեքսանդր Բիդժգազ (     Ժնեթ     ⓘ  ) է։
The distinction between the  jīva  and the  īśvara  will be explained in the Thirteenth Chapter of  Bhagavad-gītā . The Lord is  kṣetra-jñaḥ , conscious, as is the living being, but the living being is conscious of his particular body, whereas the Lord is conscious of all bodies. Because He lives in the heart of every living being, He is conscious of the psychic movements of the particular  jīvas . We should not forget this. It is also explained that the  Paramātmā , the Supreme Personality of Godhead, is living in everyone's heart as  īśvara , as the controller, and that He is giving directions for the living entity to act as he desires. The living entity forgets what to do. First of all he makes a determination to act in a certain way, and then he is entangled in the acts and reactions of his own  karma . After giving up one type of body, he enters another type of body, as we put on and take off old clothes. As the soul thus migrates, he suffers the actions and reactions of his past activities. These activities can be changed when the living being is in the mode of goodness, in sanity, and understands what sort of activities he should adopt. If he does so, then all the actions and reactions of his past activities can be changed. Consequently,  karma  is not eternal. Therefore we stated that of the five items ( īśvara ,  jīva ,  prakṛti , time and  karma ) four are eternal, whereas  karma  is not eternal.
The supreme conscious  īśvara  is similar to the living entity in this way: both the consciousness of the Lord and that of the living entity are transcendental. It is not that consciousness is generated by the association of matter. That is a mistaken idea. The theory that consciousness develops under certain circumstances of material combination is not accepted in the  Bhagavad-gītā . Consciousness may be pervertedly reflected by the covering of material circumstances, just as light reflected through colored glass may appear to be a certain color, but the consciousness of the Lord is not materially affected. Lord Kṛṣṇa says, “ mayādhyakṣeṇa prakṛtiḥ .” When He descends into the material universe, His consciousness is not materially affected. If He were so affected, He would be unfit to speak on transcendental matters as He does in the  Bhagavad-gītā . One cannot say anything about the transcendental world without being free from materially contaminated consciousness. So the Lord is not materially contaminated. Our consciousness, at the present moment, however,  is  materially contaminated. The  Bhagavad-gītā  teaches that we have to purify this materially contaminated consciousness. In pure consciousness, our actions will be dovetailed to the will of  īśvara , and that will make us happy. It is not that we have to cease all activities. Rather, our activities are to be purified, and purified activities are called  bhakti . Activities in  bhakti  appear to be like ordinary activities, but they are not contaminated. An ignorant person