Text 21
Contents of the City Summarized
73
viṣame —this hour of crisis;  samupasthitam —arrived;  anārya —persons who do not know the value of life;  juṣṭam —practiced by;  asvargyam —that which does not lead to higher planets;  akīrti —infamy;  karam —the cause of;  ariuna —O Ariuna.
TRANSLATION
The Supreme Person [Bhagavān] said: My dear Arjuna, how have these impurities come upon you? They are not at all befitting a man who knows the progressive values of life. They do not lead to higher planets, but to infamy.
PURPORT
Krṣṇa and the Supreme Personality of Godhead are identical. Therefore Lord Krṣṇa is referred to as “Bhagavān” throughout the  Gūtā . Bhagavān is the ultimate in the Absolute Truth. Absolute Truth is realized in three phases of understanding, namely Brahman or the impersonal all-pervasive spirit; Paramātmā, or the localized aspect of the Supreme within the heart of all living entities; and Bhagavān, or the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Lord Krṣṇa. In the  Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam  this conception of the Absolute Truth is explained thus:
vadanti tat tattva-vidas tattvaṁ yaj jñānam advayam brahmeti paramātmeti bhagavān iti śabdyate.
“The Absolute Truth is realized in three phases of understanding by the knower of the Absolute Truth, and all of them are identical. Such phases of the Absolute Truth are expressed as Brahman, Paramātmā, and Bhagavān.” ( Bhāg.  1.2.11) These three divine aspects can be explained by the example of the sun, which also has three different aspects, namely the sunshine, the sun’s surface and the sun planet itself. One who studies the sunshine only is the preliminary student. One who understands the sun’s surface is further advanced. And one who can enter into the sun planet is the highest. Ordinary students who are satisfied by simply understanding the sunshine—its universal pervasiveness and the glaring effulgence of its impersonal nature—may be compared to those who can realize only the Brahman feature of the Absolute Truth. The student who has advanced still further can know the sun disc, which is compared to knowledge of the Paramātmā feature of the Absolute Truth. And the student who can enter