780
Bhagavad-  ળંતા As It Is
[Ch 18]
TRANSLATION
Arjuna said, O mighty-armed one, I wish to understand the purpose of renunciation [tyāga] and of the renounced order of life [sannyāsa], O killer of the Keśī demon. Hrsīkeśa.
PURPORT
Actually the  Bhagavad-gītā  is finished in seventeen chapters. The Eighteenth Chapter is a supplementary summarization of the topics discussed before. In every chapter of  Bhagavad-gītā , Lord Kṛṣṇa stresses that devotional service unto the Supreme Personality of Godhead is the ultimate goal of life. This same point is summarized in the Eighteenth Chapter as the most confidential path of knowledge. In the first six chapters, stress was given to devotional service:  yoginām api sarveṣām  . . . “Of all  yogīs  or transcendentalists, one who always thinks of Me within himself is best.” In the next six chapters, pure devotional service and its nature and activity were discussed. In the third six chapters, knowledge, renunciation, the activities of material nature and transcendental nature, and devotional service were described. It was concluded that all acts should be performed in conjunction with the Supreme Lord, summarized by the words  om tat sat , which indicate  Viṣṇu , the Supreme Person. In the third part of  Bhagavad-gītā , devotional service was established by the example of past  ācāryas  and the  Brahma-sūtra , the  Vedānta-sūtra , which cites that devotional service is the ultimate purpose of life and nothing else. Certain impersonalists consider themselves monopolizers of the knowledge of  Vedānta-sūtra , but actually the  Vedānta-sūtra  is meant for understanding devotional service, for the Lord Himself is the composer of the  Vedānta-sūtra , and He is its knower. That is described in the Fifteenth Chapter. In every scripture, every  Veda , devotional service is the objective. That is explained in  Bhagavad-gītā .
As in the Second Chapter a synopsis of the whole subject matter was described, similarly, in the Eighteenth Chapter also the summary of all instruction is given. The purpose of life is indicated to be renunciation and attainment of the transcendental position above the three material modes of nature. Arjuna wants to clarify the two distinct subject matters of  Bhagavad-gītā , namely renunciation ( tyāga ) and the renounced order of life ( sannyāsa ). Thus he is asking the meaning of these two words.
Two words used in this verse to address the Supreme Lord–Hṛṣīkeśa and Keśinisūdana—are significant. Hṛṣīkeśa is Kṛṣṇa, the master of all