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Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam
[Canto 3, Ch. 10]
vaikāriko deva-sargaḥ pañcamo yan-mayam manaḥ ṣaṣṭhas tu tamasaḥ sargo yas tvabuddhikṛtaḥ prabhoḥ
vaikārikaḥ —interaction of the mode of goodness;  deva —the demigods or controlling deities;  sargaḥ —creation;  pañcamaḥ —fifth;  yat —that which;  mayam —sum total;  manaḥ —mind;  ṣaṣṭhaḥ —sixth;  tu —but;  tamasaḥ —of darkness;  sargaḥ —creation;  yaḥ —that which;  tu —expletive;  abuddhikṛtaḥ —made to be foolish;  prabhoḥ —of the master.
TRANSLATION
The fifth creation is that of the controlling deities by the interaction of the mode of goodness, of which the mind is the sum total. The sixth creation is the ignorant darkness of the living entity by which the master acts as a fool.
PURPORT
The demigods in the higher planets are called  devas  because they are all devotees of Lord Viṣṇu.  Viṣṇu-bhaktaḥ bhavet devaḥ āsuras tad viparya-yaḥ : All the devotees of Lord Viṣṇu are  devas  or demigods, whereas all others are  asuras . That is the division of the  devas  and the  asuras .  Devas  are situated in the mode of goodness of material nature, whereas the  asuras  are situated in the modes of passion or ignorance. The demigods or controlling deities are entrusted with departmental management of all the different functions of the material world. For example, one of our sense organs, the eye, is controlled by light, light is distributed by the sun rays, and their controlling deity is the sun. Similarly, mind is controlled by the moon. All other senses, both for working or for acquiring knowledge, are controlled by the different demigods. The demigods are assistants of the Lord in the management of material affairs.
After the creation of the demigods, all entities are covered by the darkness of ignorance. Each and every living being in the material world is conditioned by his mentality of lording over the resources of material nature. Although a living entity is the master of the material world, he is conditioned by ignorance, by the false impression of being the proprietor of material things.
The energy of the Lord called  avidyā  is the bewildering factor of the conditioned souls. The material nature is called  avidyā  or ignorance, but to the devotees of the Lord engaged in pure devotional service, this energy becomes  vidyā  or pure knowledge. This is confirmed in  Bhagavad-