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Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam
[Canto 5, Ch. 20]
Surrounding these planetary systems are the eight directions, namely east, west, north, south, northeast, southeast, northwest and southwest. Lokāloka Mountain has been established as the outer boundary of all the  lokas  to distribute the rays of the sun and other luminaries equally throughout the universe.
This vivid description of how the rays of the sun are distributed throughout the different planetary systems of the universe is very scientific. Śukadeva Gosvāmī described these universal affairs to Mahārāja Parikṣit as he had heard about them from his predecessor. He explained these facts five thousand years ago, but the knowledge existed long, long before because Śukadeva Gosvāmī received it through disciplic succession. Because this knowledge is accepted through the disciplic succession, it is perfect. The history of modern scientific knowledge, on the contrary, does not go back more than a few hundred years. Therefore, even if modern scientists do not accept the other factual presentations of  Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam , how can they deny the perfect astronomical calculations that existed long before they could imagine such things? There is so much information to gather from  Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam . Modern scientists, however, have no information of other planetary systems and, indeed, are hardly conversant with the planet on which we are now living.
TEXT 38
एतावाँल्लोकविन्यासो मानलक्षणसंस्थाभिविचिन्तितः कविभिः स तु पञ्चाशत्कोटिगणितस्य भूगोलस्य तुरीयभागोऽयं लोकालोकाचलः ॥३८॥
etāvāl loka-vinyāso māna-lakṣaṇa-saṁsthābhir vicintitaḥ kavibhiḥ sa tu pañcāśat-koṭi-gaṇitasya bhū-golasya turīya-bhāgo 'yam lokālokācalaḥ.
etāvān —this much;  loka-vinyāsaḥ —the placing of the different planets;  māna —with measurements;  lakṣaṇa —symptoms;  saṁsthābhiḥ —as well as with their different situations;  vicintitaḥ —established by scientific calculations;  kavibhiḥ —by learned scholars;  saḥ —that;  tu —but;  pañcāśat-koṭi —500,000,000  yojanas ;  gaṇitasya —which is measured at;  bhū-golasya —of the planetary system known as