336
Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam
ṛ — like the  ri  in  rim .
ṛ̃ — like  ree  in  reed .
ḷ — like  l  followed by  ṛ  ( lṛ ).
e — like the  e  in  they .
ai — like the  ai  in  aisle .
o — like the  o  in  go .
au — like the  ow  in  how .
ṁ ( anusvāra ) — a resonant nasal like the  n  in the French word  bon .
ḥ ( visarga ) — a final  h -sound:  aḥ  is pronounced like  aha ;  iḥ  like  ihi .
The consonants are pronounced as follows:
k — as in  kite  
 jh — as in  hedgehog  
 
 
 kh — as in  Eckhart  
 ñ — as in  canyon  
 
 
 g — as in  give  
 ṭ — as in  tub  
 
 
 gh — as in  dig-hard  
 ṭh — as in  light-heart  
 
 
 ṅ — as in  sing  
 ḍ — as in  dove  
 
 
 c — as in  chair  
 ḍha- as in  red-hot  
 
 
 ch — as in  staunch-heart  
 ṇ — as  rna  (prepare to say the  r  and say  na ). 
 
 
 j — as in  joy
Cerebrals are pronounced with tongue to roof of mouth, but the following dentals are pronounced with tongue against teeth:
t — as in  tub  but with tongue against teeth. 
 l — as in  light  
 
 
 th — as in  light-heart  but with tongue against teeth. 
 v — as in  vine  
 
 
 d — as in  dove  but with tongue against teeth. 
 ś (palatal) — as in the  s  in the German word  sprechen  
 
 
 dh — as in  red-hot  but with tongue against teeth. 
 ṣ (cerebral) — as the  sh  in  shine  
 
 
 n — as in  nut  but with tongue between teeth. 
 s — as in  sun  
 
 
 p — as in  pine  
 h — as in  home  
 
 
 ph — as in  uphill  (not  f ) 
  
 
 
 b — as in  bird  
  
 
 
 bh — as in  rub-hard  
  
 
 
 m — as in  mother  
  
 
 
 y — as in  yes  
  
 
 
 r — as in  run
There is no strong accentuation of syllables in Sanskrit, only a flowing of short and long (twice as long as the short) syllables.