330 Srimad-Bhagavatam

u — like the win push

i — like the win rule but held twice as long as short u

r — like the riin rim

t — like ree in reed

] — like / followed by r (Ir)

e — like the e in they

ai — like the ai in aisle

o — like the oin go

au — like the ow in how

tn (anusvdra) — a resonant nasal like the nin the French word bon

h (visarga) — a final h-sound: ah is pronounced like aha; ih like ihi
The vowels are written as follows after a consonant:
Ta fi Ji sou Gi or €F Ne Nai ‘Yo ce
For example: ka Hlka Taki Fl ki Hku Pra

H kr Fi) ki. FH ke i kai Bl ko Fy kau
The vowel “a” is implied after a consonant with no vowel symbol.

The symbol virama (‘) indicates that there is no final vowel: A

The consonants are pronounced as follows:

k — asin kite jh — as in hedgehog

kh— as in Eckhart fi — as in canyon

g — asingive t — asin tub

gh-— as in dig-hard th — as in light-heart

h — asin sing d — asin dove

c — asin chair dha- as in red-hot

ch — as in staunch-heart n — asrna (prepare to say
j — asin joy the rand say na)

Cerebrals are pronounced with tongue to roof of mouth, but the
following dentals are pronounced with tongue against teeth:

t — asin tub but with tongue against teeth
th — as in light-heart but with tongue against teeth
